A child's birth is typically presented as a momentous and joyous occasion. Birth trauma, however, is a term used to describe a variety of physical and mental responses that some people have after experiencing a traumatic birth. Anyone who has given birth, lost a pregnancy, or witnessed the traumatic delivery of a loved one is vulnerable to birth trauma. Mental health after birth trauma is an important issue that needs more discussion. In this article, we will examine the meaning of birth trauma, look at its possible effects on mental health, and talk about strategies to help individuals who have experienced it.

The term "birth trauma" is used to describe the emotional and psychological effects of any traumatic incident or experience that occurs during labor and delivery. Emergency cesarean sections, perineal tears, and postpartum hemorrhage are all examples of physical injuries or problems that can occur during labor. Emotional discomfort can also occur as a result of not being heard, being treated disrespectfully, or feeling helpless during labor and delivery. According to research, 3% to 16% of all gestational parents experience PTSD after childbirth.

A person's mental health may suffer as a result of experiencing traumatic birth events. Birth trauma is a risk factor for developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Those who suffer from PTSD due to this trauma may have trouble sleeping, have recurring dreams about the experience, or avoid things that brings back painful memories. Similarly common mental health disorders that can develop after a traumatic birth are postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis. Not only the birthing parent, but also their partners and relatives, may feel the repercussions of this traumatic event.

For many reasons, it is essential that more people learn about the effects of birth trauma. The first step in healing from birth trauma is having the experience recognized and understood by others around you. It demonstrates the validity of their emotions and the availability of support services. Second, education is essential to eliminating the shame and guilt that some people may feel after experiencing a birth trauma. Finally, bringing attention to this issue can lead to improvements in healthcare policies and procedures that will benefit expectant mothers by helping them to feel more valued and heard before, during, and after giving birth.

Those who have suffered through a traumatic birth need strong networks of support. Support from loved ones and trained specialists can help trauma survivors feel less alone in their experiences. Long-term mental health effects from birth trauma can be prevented with the right kind of care, including early intervention and holistic postnatal care that considers both the mother's physical and emotional health. It is especially important to acknowledge birth trauma as a real issue and provide programs to help individuals who have experienced it recover and reclaim their mental health.

Authored By: Julianna Robinson, LCSW

References:

Grekin, R., & O'Hara, M. W. (2014). Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review, 34(5), 389–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2014.05.003